[{"content":"Every language has its own name for the same concept. When you work with data, you usually have a go-to language, but you rarely get to use just one. Bouncing between tools, I\u0026rsquo;ve noticed that unless I keep the terminology organized somewhere, I end up mixing the terms myself. So this post is my attempt to sort it out once and for all.\nStructures # Concept SQL R SAS A table table data.frame, tibble, data.table data set A row row, record, tuple row observation A column column, field, attribute column, variable variable A single value value, cell element, cell value Verbs #Rows are in SQL\u0026rsquo;s logical execution order.\nTask SQL R (dplyr) SAS Join tables JOIN *_join(), merge() MERGE Filter rows WHERE filter() WHERE, IF Group and summarize GROUP BY group_by() + summarize() PROC MEANS, PROC SUMMARY Create a new column AS mutate() newvar= Select columns SELECT select() KEEP=, DROP= Remove duplicates DISTINCT distinct(), unique() PROC SORT NODUPKEY Sort ORDER BY arrange() PROC SORT Stack vertically UNION bind_rows(), rbind() SET Data Types # Concept SQL R SAS Numbers NUMERIC, INT, FLOAT, DECIMAL numeric (=double), integer numeric Strings VARCHAR, CHAR, TEXT character character Categorical (none) factor (none) Dates DATE, TIMESTAMP Date, POSIXct date Boolean BOOLEAN logical (none) Missing Values # Concept SQL R SAS Missing value NULL NA . (numeric), (character) Checking for missing IS NULL is.na(x) missing(x), x = . I\u0026rsquo;ll keep extending this table as I run into more terminology collisions.\n","date":"17 July 2026","permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/posts/terminology-across-sql-r-sas/","section":"Blog","summary":"","title":"A Terminology Map for SQL, R, and SAS"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/posts/","section":"Blog","summary":"","title":"Blog"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/tags/data-wrangling/","section":"Tags","summary":"","title":"Data-Wrangling"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/tags/r/","section":"Tags","summary":"","title":"R"},{"content":"Pharmacist notes on drug therapy, data/code for pharmacoepidemiology, and the occasional Toastmasters speech recap.\n","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/","section":"RxCodeLab","summary":"","title":"RxCodeLab"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/tags/sas/","section":"Tags","summary":"","title":"SAS"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/tags/sql/","section":"Tags","summary":"","title":"SQL"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/tags/","section":"Tags","summary":"","title":"Tags"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/tags/communication/","section":"Tags","summary":"","title":"Communication"},{"content":"Almost eight weeks have passed since I first attended a Toastmasters meeting, and I gave my first speech: the Icebreaker. The Icebreaker is essentially a self-introduction, but it\u0026rsquo;s a short speech, and it doesn\u0026rsquo;t have to be strictly limited to introducing yourself. So I tried connecting a recent realization of mine with the reason I joined this club.\n\u0026ldquo;A Foot Out of a Foot\u0026rdquo; #Have you ever had to walk with a limp?\nGrowing up, I never broke a bone. I remember seeing a classmate with a broken leg, rolling around in a wheelchair, and thinking\u0026hellip; that looks kind of fun. I was almost jealous. Nothing ever happened to me. I just assumed my body would work.\nThen one day, that assumption just… broke.\n(showing picture)\nIt started with this. Twelve centimeters long. A benign tumor. It had been growing quietly in my foot for a year, and I had no idea.\nWhen the surgeon took it out, he showed me the picture afterward. The nurse looked at it with me and said, \u0026ldquo;Wow. It\u0026rsquo;s like a foot\u0026hellip; coming out of a foot.\u0026rdquo; My friends saw it and said it looked like a piece of chicken breast. And honestly? I laughed with them. It was easier to laugh.\nI thought, okay, I leave the hospital, I recover, I\u0026rsquo;m back to normal. Right?\nBut that\u0026rsquo;s not what happened. What met me instead was a body that just didn\u0026rsquo;t work the same way anymore. The surgery saved my foot. But it also left me\u0026hellip; unable to stand on it.\nAnd during that time, I noticed something about the world.\nIt\u0026rsquo;s ambivalent. Cold and warm, sometimes in the same hour.\nWhen I went outside on crutches, breathing hard just to get down the street, there was almost always someone. Someone who\u0026rsquo;d stop and ask, \u0026ldquo;Do you need some help?\u0026rdquo; I didn\u0026rsquo;t know that Seoul citizens could be this kind, at that time, of course.\nBut once, a taxi driver, on the way home from the hospital, told me he got another call. And he asked me to get off blocks away from my house.\nIt might be a small thing, but in the state I was in\u0026hellip; it felt a lot bigger.\nThat mix, kindness and coldness, so close to each other, it stuck with me. It taught me something: nothing comes in just one color.\nThese days, I walk fine. Most of you probably never noticed. But after all of that, I decided to join Toastmasters, and one question followed me. Why am I here, at Toastmasters?\nMaybe I wanted to get better at English. For my career.\nMaybe I just wanted to be around people again, after too much time alone with crutches.\nOr maybe\u0026hellip; I wanted a reminder that I wasn\u0026rsquo;t the only one carrying something.\nSomehow, knowing that everyone\u0026rsquo;s got their own version of \u0026ldquo;heavy\u0026rdquo; made mine feel a little lighter.\nMaybe it\u0026rsquo;s all of them.\nBut whatever it is, I\u0026rsquo;m here now.\nAnd I\u0026rsquo;d like to find out what brought you here, too.\nAfterward #While the post-speech nerves were still buzzing, a senior member gave me a piece of advice: \u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s like driving, it will become second nature.\u0026rdquo; It resonated with me and calmed me down. And then it hit me: everyone in this room must have gone through this same feeling at some point.\n","date":"12 July 2026","permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/posts/first-toastmasters-speech-icebreaker/","section":"Blog","summary":"","title":"First Toastmasters Speech: The Icebreaker"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/tags/icebreaker/","section":"Tags","summary":"","title":"Icebreaker"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/tags/public-speaking/","section":"Tags","summary":"","title":"Public-Speaking"},{"content":"","date":null,"permalink":"https://rxcodelab.github.io/tags/toastmasters/","section":"Tags","summary":"","title":"Toastmasters"}]